Water hardness, which refers to the presence of dissolved minerals like calcium and magnesium, displays a wide range of variation across the state of Vermont. Vermont, situated in the New England region of the U.S., is characterized by its rural landscapes, forested areas, and notable Green Mountains.
The geological underpinnings of Vermont contribute to the different levels of water hardness within the state. Much of Vermont’s bedrock is comprised of granite, schist, and other crystalline rocks associated with the Green Mountains, which generally contribute fewer minerals to the water, often leading to softer water conditions in those regions.
However, in various parts of Vermont, especially valleys and areas where limestone and other calcareous rocks are present, the water may display increased hardness. The Champlain Valley, for example, where sedimentary rock formations are more prevalent and where glacial and marine deposits can influence the soil composition, may have harder water due to the leaching of calcium and magnesium from these rocks into the water supply.
This varying degree of water hardness across Vermont not only has an impact on the taste and aesthetic quality of the water but also influences the effectiveness of soaps and detergents, which require more product to lather in harder water. Additionally, hard water can lead to scale buildup in plumbing systems and appliances, which may necessitate more frequent maintenance. Considering the state’s diverse geology, residents and utility operators in Vermont may find it necessary to tailor their water treatment processes to local conditions and to conduct ongoing monitoring to ensure adequate water quality management with respect to water hardness.
The cities outlined in this dataset reveal a range of hardness levels in their water supplies across Vermont, as measured in Parts Per Million (ppm) and Grains Per Gallon (gpg). Lyndonville stands out with a noticeably high hardness level, reaching 214 ppm (12.5 gpg). In contrast, cities like Burlington, South Burlington, and Barre feature moderately soft water, with levels ranging from 63.0 ppm (3.7 gpg) to 67.0 ppm (3.9 gpg). However, there are several cities, including Montpelier, St. Albans, and Newport, from which there is no available data concerning the hardness of their water sources.
City | Hardness ppm (mg/L) | Hardness gpg | Information Source | Notes |
Burlington | 63.0 | 3.7 | Link | |
South Burlington | 65.0 | 3.8 | Link | Used Total Hardness number |
Rutland | 48.0 | 2.8 | Link | |
Essex Junction | 65.0 | 3.8 | Link | Champlain District |
Barre | 67.0 | 3.9 | Link | |
Winooski | 65.0 | 3.8 | Link | Part of Champlain District |
Montpelier | n/a | n/a | Link | |
St. Albans | n/a | n/a | Link | Alkalinity only |
Newport | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Bellows Falls | n/a | n/a | Link | Part of Rockingham |
Vergennes | n/a | n/a | Link | Doesn’t appear to have their CCR on their website |
Swanton | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Morrisville | n/a | n/a | Link | |
North Bennington | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Johnson | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Enosburg Falls | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Lyndonville | 214.0 | 12.5 | Link | |
Poultney | n/a | n/a | Link | Only water quality report found is from 2009. Town website doesn’t have any water information (https://www.poultney.vt.gov/index.asp?SEC=8498B074-321E-494F-8B99-3DD0DA214A5E&Type=B_BASIC) |
Woodstock | n/a | n/a | Link | Town uses a private water company (Woodstock Aqueduct Co) which doesn’t have a website. Town is not large enough to have to provide a public CCR by EPA rules. |
Orleans | n/a | n/a | Link | TFound the raw data from lab results on this website, but it’s poorly organized and doesn’t cover anything but the EPA-required tests, so no hardness |
Ludlow | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Jeffersonville | n/a | n/a | Link | Village in Cambridge, per EPA search Jeffersonville water serves Smuggler’s Notch |
Manchester | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Barton | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Derby Line | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Derby Center | n/a | n/a | Link | |
North Troy | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Alburgh | n/a | n/a | Link | Document on village website is an incomplete scan |
Saxtons River | n/a | n/a | Link | Incorporated village in town of Rockingham |
Newbury | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Wells River | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Hyde Park | n/a | n/a | Link | |
Westminster | n/a | n/a | Link | |
West Burke | n/a | n/a | Link | Town doesn’t have CCR on site, and water commission doesn’t have a website, just a billing site (https://www.doxo.com/info/burke-mountain-water-co) |
Marshfield | n/a | n/a | Link | No online CCR |
Jacksonville | n/a | n/a | Link | Part of town of Whitingham. Jacksonville is a village of only 350 so isn’t legally required to post CCR online |
Cambridge | n/a | n/a | Link | No CCR on website |
Albany | n/a | n/a | Link | No online presence other than Facebook page with no CCR, town of only 450 |
Old Bennington | n/a | n/a | Link | Part of Bennington |
Newfane | n/a | n/a | Link | No CCR online, tiny town so not required by EPA regulations to post CCR |
ppm = Parts Per Million
mg/L = Milligrams Per Liter
gpg = Grains Per Gallon
Hard water can cause issues such as mineral buildup in plumbing and appliances, reduce the efficacy of soaps and detergents, and affect the taste of the water. A tried and true solution is the use of a water softener. A water softener, like the ones from DROP, could be a worthwhile investment.
These devices work by replacing the calcium and magnesium ions that cause hardness with sodium ions, resulting in softer water. With innovative features, easy installation, and efficient operation, DROP smart water softeners provide a solution to hard water issues, extending the lifespan of appliances, improving water taste, enhancing soap effectiveness, reducing scale build-up, and increasing the overall water efficiency in your home.