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Water Hardness in Vermont Cities

Water hardness, which refers to the presence of dissolved minerals like calcium and magnesium, displays a wide range of variation across the state of Vermont. Vermont, situated in the New England region of the U.S., is characterized by its rural landscapes, forested areas, and notable Green Mountains.

The geological underpinnings of Vermont contribute to the different levels of water hardness within the state. Much of Vermont’s bedrock is comprised of granite, schist, and other crystalline rocks associated with the Green Mountains, which generally contribute fewer minerals to the water, often leading to softer water conditions in those regions.

However, in various parts of Vermont, especially valleys and areas where limestone and other calcareous rocks are present, the water may display increased hardness. The Champlain Valley, for example, where sedimentary rock formations are more prevalent and where glacial and marine deposits can influence the soil composition, may have harder water due to the leaching of calcium and magnesium from these rocks into the water supply.

This varying degree of water hardness across Vermont not only has an impact on the taste and aesthetic quality of the water but also influences the effectiveness of soaps and detergents, which require more product to lather in harder water. Additionally, hard water can lead to scale buildup in plumbing systems and appliances, which may necessitate more frequent maintenance. Considering the state’s diverse geology, residents and utility operators in Vermont may find it necessary to tailor their water treatment processes to local conditions and to conduct ongoing monitoring to ensure adequate water quality management with respect to water hardness.

The cities outlined in this dataset reveal a range of hardness levels in their water supplies across Vermont, as measured in Parts Per Million (ppm) and Grains Per Gallon (gpg). Lyndonville stands out with a noticeably high hardness level, reaching 214 ppm (12.5 gpg). In contrast, cities like Burlington, South Burlington, and Barre feature moderately soft water, with levels ranging from 63.0 ppm (3.7 gpg) to 67.0 ppm (3.9 gpg). However, there are several cities, including Montpelier, St. Albans, and Newport, from which there is no available data concerning the hardness of their water sources.

CityHardness ppm (mg/L)Hardness gpgInformation SourceNotes
Burlington63.03.7Link
South Burlington65.03.8LinkUsed Total Hardness number
Rutland48.02.8Link
Essex Junction65.03.8LinkChamplain District
Barre67.03.9Link
Winooski65.03.8LinkPart of Champlain District
Montpeliern/an/aLink
St. Albansn/an/aLinkAlkalinity only
Newportn/an/aLink
Bellows Fallsn/an/aLinkPart of Rockingham
Vergennesn/an/aLinkDoesn’t appear to have their CCR on their website
Swantonn/an/aLink
Morrisvillen/an/aLink
North Benningtonn/an/aLink
Johnsonn/an/aLink
Enosburg Fallsn/an/aLink
Lyndonville214.012.5Link
Poultneyn/an/aLinkOnly water quality report found is from 2009. Town website doesn’t have any water information (https://www.poultney.vt.gov/index.asp?SEC=8498B074-321E-494F-8B99-3DD0DA214A5E&Type=B_BASIC)
Woodstockn/an/aLinkTown uses a private water company (Woodstock Aqueduct Co) which doesn’t have a website. Town is not large enough to have to provide a public CCR by EPA rules.
Orleansn/an/aLinkTFound the raw data from lab results on this website, but it’s poorly organized and doesn’t cover anything but the EPA-required tests, so no hardness
Ludlown/an/aLink
Jeffersonvillen/an/aLinkVillage in Cambridge, per EPA search Jeffersonville water serves Smuggler’s Notch
Manchestern/an/aLink
Bartonn/an/aLink
Derby Linen/an/aLink
Derby Centern/an/aLink
North Troyn/an/aLink
Alburghn/an/aLinkDocument on village website is an incomplete scan
Saxtons Rivern/an/aLinkIncorporated village in town of Rockingham
Newburyn/an/aLink
Wells Rivern/an/aLink
Hyde Parkn/an/aLink
Westminstern/an/aLink
West Burken/an/aLinkTown doesn’t have CCR on site, and water commission doesn’t have a website, just a billing site (https://www.doxo.com/info/burke-mountain-water-co)
Marshfieldn/an/aLinkNo online CCR
Jacksonvillen/an/aLinkPart of town of Whitingham. Jacksonville is a village of only 350 so isn’t legally required to post CCR online
Cambridgen/an/aLinkNo CCR on website
Albanyn/an/aLinkNo online presence other than Facebook page with no CCR, town of only 450
Old Benningtonn/an/aLinkPart of Bennington
Newfanen/an/aLinkNo CCR online, tiny town so not required by EPA regulations to post CCR
Vermont cities by population and their reported water hardness
ppm = Parts Per Million
mg/L = Milligrams Per Liter
gpg = Grains Per Gallon

Hard water can cause issues such as mineral buildup in plumbing and appliances, reduce the efficacy of soaps and detergents, and affect the taste of the water. A tried and true solution is the use of a water softener. A water softener, like the ones from DROP, could be a worthwhile investment.

These devices work by replacing the calcium and magnesium ions that cause hardness with sodium ions, resulting in softer water. With innovative features, easy installation, and efficient operation, DROP smart water softeners provide a solution to hard water issues, extending the lifespan of appliances, improving water taste, enhancing soap effectiveness, reducing scale build-up, and increasing the overall water efficiency in your home.

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